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Agile analysis overview

6. Principles of agile analysis

Altogether. There are seven fundamental principles of Agile analysis. The first one is called See the Whole. This one guides business analysis practitioners to analyse their needs in the context of a bigger picture. They focus on business contexts and why the change is necessary, and this context would influence the solution. Agile business analysts assess how the solution delivers value when satisfying needs. The value of the solution is created through gaining an understanding of the context, the solution, and the stakeholder. The next principle, which is somewhat related to the first one, is to think like a customer. This one guides business analysts and practitioners in ensuring these solutions incorporate the voice of the customer. It is done with a clear understanding of the expected user experience. A customer with this regards is any stakeholderthat is going to interact with the solution,be it a business customer or a consumer. Agile analysts generally start with a very high-level understanding of what the customers need, and then they progressively decompose these viewpoints into a very detailed understanding of the needs the solution must satisfy. The next principle to analyse to determine what is valuable guides business analysis practitioners to continuously assess and prioritise work to be done in order to maximise the value being delivered at any moment in time. Determining what is valuable involves understanding the purpose of the requirement and ensuring the solution options and components continue to support the desired outcome. The next principle is to get free by using examples to guide people to build a shared understanding of the need and how the solution is going to satisfy that need. Being an agile environment, you need to be very thorough in communicating what is valuable, how the value is expected to be delivered by your solution, and how all of this will result in what you want to achieve. Broad requirements should always be accompanied with real-life examples of what it means to get them delivered in full. The level of detail and the level of abstraction in your examples and models will vary depending on who your audience is and which outcome is sought. However, the key is to keep your examples real, tied to your business, your context, and your real customer journeys. These examples will be used to define the acceptance criteria according to your requirements, to help design the solution, and to provide the foundation for testing the solution. The principle of understanding what is doable guides business analysts in determining how to deliver a solution within given constraints. These constraints can include the capabilities of the technology that is being used, the skills of the team, or the time in which a valuable solution must be delivered. Understanding what is possible involves continually analysing the need and the solutions that can satisfy that need within given constraints. It also involves considering measures such as team velocity or capacity in order to maintain reasonable expectations on an ongoing basis. The next principle, to stimulate collaboration and continuous improvement, guides you in creating and contributing to an environment where all the stakeholders contribute value on an ongoing basis. A key aspect of an Agile mindset is continuous improvement. Business analysts seek to continuously improve the quality of the solution as well as the quality of the process to deliver that solution Retrospectives, for example, can be a great tool to examine the solution and the process in progress and identify opportunities for improvement. We will talk about retrospectives in more detail a bit later. The last, but not least, principle is to avoid waste. We need to identify which activities add value and which activities do not. Agile business analysis seeks to understand the need and to deliver the solution to satisfy that need. Any activity that does not contribute to this goal can be considered waste and should be avoided. Generally speaking, waste can be divided into two types of activities: first, some activities that are valuable but do not directly contribute to satisfying the need, and second, the activities that do not add any value at all. Your goal as a business analyst is to completelyget freed of those activities that have no valuebehind them and to minimise those activities that donot add value immediately or directly. We will talk about waste in more details in the next set of videos, but for now, let's have a look at how all of these principles are aligned with business analysis. Core concept model

7. Alignment to business analysis core concept model

Principles guide agile business analysts in their approach, regardless of the project or methodology that they work with. The principles are very closely aligned with another foundational model and business analysis called the Core Concept Model. The Core Concept Model is a framework of six terms that defines the most crucial elements of any analysis of the business. even though I do cover this model in more detail in my other course that is dedicated to the key business analysis skill set. Let's have a quick overview of the model and see how it is related to the Agile principles of business analysis. When working on any task or project, business analysts always work with the same key concepts, and these concepts are closely aligned to the key questions that business analysts ask when they are assigned a new job. They ask questions like, "What are the kinds of changes that we are doing?" What are the needs that we are trying to satisfy? What are the solutions that we are creating or changing? Who are the stakeholders involved? What do stakeholders consider to be of value? And what is the context in which we and the solution are operating? These six terms have the same meaning for all business analysts, regardless of the company they work for, the methodologies they use, or the subject matter they work in. Thus, they form the foundation of the core concept of business analysis. This model was introduced by the IAB quite a few years ago, and then it became the standard framework when it was reintroduced in the third version of the Business Analysis Body of Knowledge. Let's see how these are aligned with the principles of agile analysis. First of all, change is central to all the principles of agile business analysis. As the whole idea of being agile evolves around embracing change, the needs are mostly reflected in the principle of getting real user examples. If you remember, this principle is about building a shared understanding of needs while using real-life examples. Value is understood and communicated by getting real-life user examples as well. It is also further insured while avoiding waste. Stakeholders' viewpoints are considered when the principle of treating everyone as a customer is applied. This principle is about seeing the world through your stakeholders' eyes and ensuring this is respected. Solutions in Agile analysis are defined and refined through simulating collaboration and continuing its improvement. Finally, the context is considered and analysed while following the principle of seeing the whole.

8. The concept of waste

One of the most interesting concepts of Agile analysis is waste. Waste comes from the Japanese word muda, which means uselessness or wastefulness. It is one of the key concepts in lean process thinking and can be best described as an optimal allocation of resources. The original seven sources of waste were introduced by Taichi Ono, the chief engineer at Toyota at the time, when he introduced the Toyota production system. The extra source of waste was added later when the Toyota production system was adopted by some of the Western companies. The best way to memorise these sources of waste is to use the simple acronym "waste is downtime." Let's have a look. The first letter, D, stands for defects. These are products or services that are out of specification, and they require extra resources to be corrected or replaced. O stands for overproduction. This means producing too much of a product before it is ready to be sold or otherwise used by the stakeholders. Waiting for the previous step in the process to finish every time you can't start the job because the previous step isn't finished is considered a waste of unutilized talent. That's the extra eight sources of waste that were added later. These are the employees that are not effectively engaged in the process. extra logistics that are not required to finish the process. I inventory idle inventory or data that has been sitting or not being processed for an extended period of time. It becomes a waste when handled due to workspace, layout, economics, or misplaced items, e.g. Extra processing means performing any activity that is not necessary to produce a functioning product or service. These are the sources of waste that taint any organization, big or small. They are also applicable to any business process, business analysis included. Let's have a look at how we can avoid wasting time on analysis. First of all, do not produce the commutation before it is needed, and when the commutation is needed, do just enough of it. Ensure that commitments are met and there are no incomplete work items that impact downstream activities. Avoid rework by making commitments at the last responsible moment. Make analysis models as simple as possible to meet their intended purpose. Try to elicit, analyze, specify, and validate requirements with the same models. Do not overproduce, ensure clear and effective communication, and pay continuous attention to technical excellence and accuracy. Quality defects such as unclear requirements result in rework and are a waste. As you have seen, the concept of waste can be easily applied to any process. Before we move on, I encourage you to take a few moments of your time and think. Can you identify any waste in your current organization? As a starting point, consider the findings of an intriguing survey, which revealed that the majority of people considered meetings to be the most significant source of waste at work, ahead of things like office politics, dealing with the mistakes of others, working with annoying people, or even annoying bosses.

Intro to Agile

1. Agile manifesto

Approaching life the way we know it now is the product of years of evolution. The first iterative and incremental software development methods can be traced back to as early as 1957, with things like adaptive software development emerging early in 1970. In the 1990s, a number of lightweight software development methodologies were introduced as a response to much-criticized heavyweight methodologies, which were told to be overly regulated, planned, and micromanaged. This included things like rapid application development, a unified process, and dynamic system development methods like DSDM or Scrum. All of these date back to the mid ninety s.It was not, however, till the year 2001 that a group of 17 forward-thinking software developers met to discuss these lightweight methodologies, especially to discuss what makes them efficient and successful. This is when they wrote down, signed, and published what we now know as the Manifesto for Agile Software Development. Let's have a look at it. The manifest opens with the words "we are uncovering better ways of developing software by doing it and helping others do it." Through this work, we have come to value individuals and interactions over processes and tools. Working software over comprehensive documentation Customer collaboration over contract negotiation is a response to change rather than following a plan; that is, while the items on the right have value, we value the items on the left more. These statements may be rooted in software development, but they can be related to agile business analysis in any context. Replacing the words "working software" with "working solutions" expands our thinking and gives us guidance for an approach to analysis with an agile mindset. Let's have a closer look at the statements—we are uncovering better ways of delivering solutions by doing it and helping others do it. This is the most important statement in the Agile manifest. It reinforces the practice-based and empirical nature of the Agile mindset. You learn what works by trying things out, not theorising about what might or might not work. Individuals and interactions over processes and tools Business analysis is a human-centric activity. Business analysis practitioners start by understanding stakeholder needs, which requires them to work closely with stakeholders at every step of the value chain. Solutions frequently change the way people work, and Agile Business Analysis practitioners make people the centre of the work. working solutions over comprehensive documentation HLBs focus on producing something, showing it to stakeholders, and eliciting immediate feedback to determine if they are on track to satisfy the need. Agile Business Analysis practitioners hold conversations with stakeholders in order to develop and maintain shared understanding. Documentation does provide value, but only when it's written to match its intended purpose. HLBs produce documentation as they implement a change and use it to facilitate and support discussions with stakeholders. Customer Collaboration over Contract Negotiation GMB is primarily focused on satisfying needs. Business Analysis Practitioners learn to understand needs by showing improvements in solutions to stakeholders and analysing the feedback they receive. This ongoing collaboration with stakeholders facilitates new information about the need and constantly refines the understanding of the need until the need has been satisfied. This ongoing collaboration with stakeholders also uncovers new needs based on things like customer demand, new competitors entering the market, government legislation that impacts the solution, or any other factor that may impact the solution. Responding to Change Overflow in a Plan Agile ApproachPlan agile approaches are impossible to implement without planning. But in Agile, planning is a continuous process. Success is measured based on how well solutions satisfy the customer's needs and the value they derive from the solution. The ongoing learning and feedback that are central to the agile mindset allow bees to continually refine their understanding of the need and make changes to the plan to ensure the solution satisfies this need. It is the ability of agile business analysts to respond to change that allows them to deliver value to their customers faster, with better quality, and with the ability to rapidly change direction in response to an evolving state.

2. Agile horizons

the general extension to business analysis. The Body of Knowledge identifies three different horizons within which business analysis can be performed. Let us have a look. The Strategy Horizon refers to the decisions that impact the entire organization's operations and support decisions about strategy and the allocation of available resources in support of that strategy. Decisions made at the strategy horizon identify things like products and services and initiatives for which the organisation needs to allocate resources. The initiative horizon refers to decisions that impact a particular goal, a particular initiative, or a single team in the business realm. Operating on this horizon supports initiative-based decisions about how to create value with the resources available, as well as trying to better understand the needs of the stakeholders and what options are available to them. At the initiative horizon, BS typically supports decisions that are taken over a shorter time period compared to the strategy horizon. The delivery horizon refers to decisions made regarding the delivery of the solution. BS at this level worked with delivery teams to understand how to best break down work, how to deliver and test the value that the team is creating, and how to learn quickly from the work that the team is doing. The team working at the Delivery Horizon works based on a prioritised list of work items called the backlog and turns it into a valuable product or service that meets the identified outcome or goal of a solution. These three horizons, also separated out, are not independent. They affect each other in both directions; they constantly communicate with each other, and they send data to each other to make better-informed decisions. This Strategic horizon supports others by providingthe answers to the following questions isa particular need more satisfying? Do we need a new initiative or can we change the existing ones to satisfy that need? Or do we need to cancel an initiative based on strategic directions? These decisions are made based on the information provided by the initiative horizon. things like which initiatives need more or less resources compared to what was originally planned, which help can be received from other teams, or if new dependencies are identified. All of these data points help the Strategic Horizon answer the questions, and at the same time, the Strategic Horizon supports the Initiative Horizon by providing this information. It tells them which initiative is worked on by which department, what are the known dependencies identified in other initiatives, and what are the business KPIs to be achieved. The initiative horizon answers the questions around particular initiatives, such as which features do we need to work on and in what order the business will need them? Or do we need to continue, change, or cancel this particular initiative based on what we learned from the delivery team? The delivery team will provide information about its own progress, the user feedback received by the team, and the learnings that the team accumulates over time. The initiative horizon will support the delivery team, telling them which features to work on and what the relative importance and priority of those features are. The delivery horizon will focus on the delivery aspects ofwork, what to work on and in which order. And it will tell the rest of our horizons what we need to start working on and if we have enough information and resources to deliver what needs to be delivered.

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